His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama (Tenzin Gyatso) was born on July 6, 1935. At fifteen, he became Tibet's Head of State during the occupation by the People’s Republic of China. After the Tibetan resistance collapsed in 1959, he fled to India and helped establish the Central Tibetan Administration, working to preserve Tibetan culture and education. He has promoted Buddhism, universal responsibility, secular ethics, and religious harmony. In 1989, he received the Nobel Peace Prize for his writings and leadership on international conflicts, human rights, and environmental issues.